Cyclosporiasis

Description

Cyclospora cayetanensis, previously known as cyanobacterium-like, coccidia-like, and cyclospora-like bodies, is a protozoan parasite that causes gastrointestinal infection. Infection is acquired by ingestion of water or food contaminated with the parasite. Infection can be asymptomatic or be manifested by such symptoms as watery diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, bloating, increased gas, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, muscle aches, and low-grade fever. Some travelers first notice flu-like symptoms. If untreated, the illness can last for weeks to months.

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Occurrence

Infection can be acquired worldwide.

Risk for Travelers

Travelers of all ages are at risk for infection. Travelers to developing countries can be at increased risk for this infection, and the risk can vary with the season. For example, travelers to Nepal are at increased risk for this infection from May through August.

Preventive Measures

No vaccine is available. Travelers to developing countries should be advised to follow the precautions in Risks From Food and Drink. Direct, person-to-person transmission is unlikely.

Treatment

Specific treatment is available, and travelers should be advised to consult with an infectious disease specialist.

Credits: National Center for Infectious Diseases